The Desk Encyclopedia of Human and Medical Virology is the second in a series of four volumes that reproduce many of the chapters in the third edition of the Encyclopedia of Virology, edited by Brian W J Mahy and Marc H V van Regenmortel, published by Academic Press/Elsevier 2008. It contains 81 chapters that relate to human/medical virology. The first section includes 42 chapters that describe general features of common human viruses, and this is followed in Section 2 by five more specialized chapters related to HIV/AIDS. In Section 3, there are 23 chapters describing exotic virus infections, including one now-eradicated virus (smallpox) and some now controlled by vaccination, such as yellow fever. Section 4 includes seven chapters describing some viruses that have been associated with oncogenesis, and Section 5 contains four general chapters of interest to medical virology.
In bringing all these topics under one cover, it is hoped that the book will provide a convenient reference source and an up-to-date introduction to recent advances in medical virology. In combination with the first volume, the Desk Encyclopedia of General Virology, this book could provide excellent material for a teaching course in virology for medical students.
Contents
SECTION I: GENERAL FEATURES OF COMMON HUMAN VIRUSES
Adenoviruses: General Features B Harrach 3
Adenoviruses: Pathogenesis M Benko˝ 11
Anellovirus P Biagini and P de Micco 17
Arboviruses B R Miller 23
Astroviruses L Moser and S Schultz-Cherry 30
Bunyaviruses: General Features R M Elliott 36
Common Cold Viruses S Dreschers and C Adams 45
Coronaviruses: General Features D Cavanagh and P Britton 52
Coxsackieviruses M S Oberste and M A Pallansch 58
Echoviruses T Hyypia¨ 64
Enteric Viruses R F Bishop and C D Kirkwood 69
Flaviviruses: General Features T J Chambers 77
Hepadnaviruses: General Features T J Harrison 88
Hepatitis A Virus A Dotzauer 96
Hepatitis B Virus: General Features P Karayiannis and H C Thomas 103
Hepatitis C Virus R Bartenschlager and S Bu¨ hler 113
Hepatitis Delta Virus J M Taylor 121
Hepatitis E Virus X J Meng 123
Herpesviruses: General Features A J Davison 129
Human Cytomegalovirus: General Features E S Mocarski Jr. and R F Pass 135
Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 U A Gompels 147
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus P L Collins 154
Human Respiratory Viruses J E Crowe Jr. 162
Influenza R A Lamb 170
Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus: General Features Y Chang and P S Moore 178
Measles Virus R Cattaneo and M McChesney 184
Molluscum Contagiosum Virus J J Bugert 190
Mumps Virus B K Rima and W P Duprex 195
Noroviruses and Sapoviruses K Y Green 203
Parainfluenza Viruses of Humans E Adderson and A Portner 211
Parvoviruses: General Features P Tattersall 215
Poliomyelitis P D Minor 222
Polyomaviruses M Gravell and E O Major 230
Poxviruses G L Smith, P Beard and M A Skinner 235
Rabies Virus I V Kuzmin and C E Rupprecht 243
Reoviruses: General Features P Clarke and K L Tyler 249
Retroviruses: General Features E Hunter 257
Rhinoviruses N W Bartlett and S L Johnston 266
Rotaviruses J Angel, M A Franco and H B Greenberg 273
Rubella Virus T K Frey 280
Togaviruses: General Features S C Weaver, W B Klimstra and K D Ryman 288
Varicella-Zoster Virus: General Features J I Cohen 298
SECTION II: HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES
AIDS: Disease Manifestation A Rapose, J East, M Sova and W A O’Brien 307
AIDS: Global Epidemiology P J Peters, P H Kilmarx and T D Mastro 314
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Antiretroviral Agents A W Neuman and D C Liotta 324
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Origin F van Heuverswyn and M Peeters 336
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Pathogenesis N R Klatt, A Chahroudi and G Silvestri 345
SECTION III: EXOTIC VIRUS INFECTIONS
Bunyaviruses: Unassigned C H Calisher 357
Cowpox Virus M Bennett, G L Smith and D Baxby 359
Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Other Nairoviruses C A Whitehouse 365
Dengue Viruses D J Gubler 372
Ebolavirus K S Brown, A Silaghi and H Feldmann 382
Filoviruses G Olinger, T W Geisbert and L E Hensley 391
Hantaviruses A Vaheri 398
Henipaviruses B T Eaton and L-F Wang 402
Human T-cell Leukemia Viruses: General Features M Yoshida 408
Japanese Encephalitis Virus A D T Barrett 414
Lassa, Junin, Machupo and Guanarito Viruses J B McCormick 420
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus: General Features R M Welsh 429
Marburg Virus D Falzarano and H Feldmann 434
Orbiviruses P P C Mertens, H Attoui and P S Mellor 442
Orthobunyaviruses C H Calisher 454
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) J S M Peiris and L L M Poon 458
Smallpox and Monkeypox Viruses S Parker, D A Schultz, H Meyer and R M Buller 467
St. Louis Encephalitis W K Reisen 472
Tick-Borne Encephalitis Viruses T S Gritsun and E A Gould 479
Togaviruses Causing Rash and Fever D W Smith, J S Mackenzie and M D A Lindsay 488
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies E D Belay and L B Schonberger 497
West Nile Virus L D Kramer 504
Yellow Fever Virus A A Marfin and T P Monath 514
SECTION IV: TUMOR-ASSOCIATED VIRUSES
Adenoviruses: Malignant Transformation and Oncology A S Turnell 525
Epstein–Barr Virus: General Features L S Young 532
Human T-Cell Leukemia Viruses: Human Disease R Mahieux and A Gessain 541
Polyomaviruses of Humans M Safak and K Khalili 551
Retroviral Oncogenes P K Vogt and A G Bader 560
Simian Virus 40 A L McNees and J S Butel 565
Tumor Viruses: Human R Grassmann, B Fleckenstein and H Pfister 574
SECTION V: GENERAL TOPICS
Emerging and Reemerging Virus Diseases of Vertebrates B W J Mahy 583
Herpesviruses: Latency C M Preston 587
Human Eye Infections J Chodosh, A V Chintakuntlawar and C M Robinson 594
Zoonoses J E Osorio and T M Yuill 601
Index 613
In bringing all these topics under one cover, it is hoped that the book will provide a convenient reference source and an up-to-date introduction to recent advances in medical virology. In combination with the first volume, the Desk Encyclopedia of General Virology, this book could provide excellent material for a teaching course in virology for medical students.
Contents
SECTION I: GENERAL FEATURES OF COMMON HUMAN VIRUSES
Adenoviruses: General Features B Harrach 3
Adenoviruses: Pathogenesis M Benko˝ 11
Anellovirus P Biagini and P de Micco 17
Arboviruses B R Miller 23
Astroviruses L Moser and S Schultz-Cherry 30
Bunyaviruses: General Features R M Elliott 36
Common Cold Viruses S Dreschers and C Adams 45
Coronaviruses: General Features D Cavanagh and P Britton 52
Coxsackieviruses M S Oberste and M A Pallansch 58
Echoviruses T Hyypia¨ 64
Enteric Viruses R F Bishop and C D Kirkwood 69
Flaviviruses: General Features T J Chambers 77
Hepadnaviruses: General Features T J Harrison 88
Hepatitis A Virus A Dotzauer 96
Hepatitis B Virus: General Features P Karayiannis and H C Thomas 103
Hepatitis C Virus R Bartenschlager and S Bu¨ hler 113
Hepatitis Delta Virus J M Taylor 121
Hepatitis E Virus X J Meng 123
Herpesviruses: General Features A J Davison 129
Human Cytomegalovirus: General Features E S Mocarski Jr. and R F Pass 135
Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 U A Gompels 147
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus P L Collins 154
Human Respiratory Viruses J E Crowe Jr. 162
Influenza R A Lamb 170
Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus: General Features Y Chang and P S Moore 178
Measles Virus R Cattaneo and M McChesney 184
Molluscum Contagiosum Virus J J Bugert 190
Mumps Virus B K Rima and W P Duprex 195
Noroviruses and Sapoviruses K Y Green 203
Parainfluenza Viruses of Humans E Adderson and A Portner 211
Parvoviruses: General Features P Tattersall 215
Poliomyelitis P D Minor 222
Polyomaviruses M Gravell and E O Major 230
Poxviruses G L Smith, P Beard and M A Skinner 235
Rabies Virus I V Kuzmin and C E Rupprecht 243
Reoviruses: General Features P Clarke and K L Tyler 249
Retroviruses: General Features E Hunter 257
Rhinoviruses N W Bartlett and S L Johnston 266
Rotaviruses J Angel, M A Franco and H B Greenberg 273
Rubella Virus T K Frey 280
Togaviruses: General Features S C Weaver, W B Klimstra and K D Ryman 288
Varicella-Zoster Virus: General Features J I Cohen 298
SECTION II: HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES
AIDS: Disease Manifestation A Rapose, J East, M Sova and W A O’Brien 307
AIDS: Global Epidemiology P J Peters, P H Kilmarx and T D Mastro 314
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Antiretroviral Agents A W Neuman and D C Liotta 324
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Origin F van Heuverswyn and M Peeters 336
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Pathogenesis N R Klatt, A Chahroudi and G Silvestri 345
SECTION III: EXOTIC VIRUS INFECTIONS
Bunyaviruses: Unassigned C H Calisher 357
Cowpox Virus M Bennett, G L Smith and D Baxby 359
Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Other Nairoviruses C A Whitehouse 365
Dengue Viruses D J Gubler 372
Ebolavirus K S Brown, A Silaghi and H Feldmann 382
Filoviruses G Olinger, T W Geisbert and L E Hensley 391
Hantaviruses A Vaheri 398
Henipaviruses B T Eaton and L-F Wang 402
Human T-cell Leukemia Viruses: General Features M Yoshida 408
Japanese Encephalitis Virus A D T Barrett 414
Lassa, Junin, Machupo and Guanarito Viruses J B McCormick 420
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus: General Features R M Welsh 429
Marburg Virus D Falzarano and H Feldmann 434
Orbiviruses P P C Mertens, H Attoui and P S Mellor 442
Orthobunyaviruses C H Calisher 454
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) J S M Peiris and L L M Poon 458
Smallpox and Monkeypox Viruses S Parker, D A Schultz, H Meyer and R M Buller 467
St. Louis Encephalitis W K Reisen 472
Tick-Borne Encephalitis Viruses T S Gritsun and E A Gould 479
Togaviruses Causing Rash and Fever D W Smith, J S Mackenzie and M D A Lindsay 488
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies E D Belay and L B Schonberger 497
West Nile Virus L D Kramer 504
Yellow Fever Virus A A Marfin and T P Monath 514
SECTION IV: TUMOR-ASSOCIATED VIRUSES
Adenoviruses: Malignant Transformation and Oncology A S Turnell 525
Epstein–Barr Virus: General Features L S Young 532
Human T-Cell Leukemia Viruses: Human Disease R Mahieux and A Gessain 541
Polyomaviruses of Humans M Safak and K Khalili 551
Retroviral Oncogenes P K Vogt and A G Bader 560
Simian Virus 40 A L McNees and J S Butel 565
Tumor Viruses: Human R Grassmann, B Fleckenstein and H Pfister 574
SECTION V: GENERAL TOPICS
Emerging and Reemerging Virus Diseases of Vertebrates B W J Mahy 583
Herpesviruses: Latency C M Preston 587
Human Eye Infections J Chodosh, A V Chintakuntlawar and C M Robinson 594
Zoonoses J E Osorio and T M Yuill 601
Index 613